Torque Vectoring
Torque vectoring is a drivetrain technology that varies the amount of torque delivered to individual wheels to improve handling, cornering performance, stability, and traction. In EVs with multiple motors, this can be achieved purely through electronic control.
How It Works
During cornering, the outer wheels travel a longer path than the inner wheels. By sending more torque to the outer wheels, the vehicle rotates more willingly into the turn — reducing understeer and making the car feel more agile and responsive.
In EVs, torque vectoring can be implemented through several methods:
- Dual-motor vectoring: Varying power between front and rear axles
- Independent wheel motors: The most precise form, with a motor per wheel
- Brake-based vectoring: Applying the brake on inner wheels to redirect torque
- Electronic differential: Using a clutch pack or dual-motor arrangement on one axle
Electric motors respond far faster than mechanical differentials — in milliseconds rather than tenths of seconds — making electronic torque vectoring exceptionally precise and effective.
Why It Matters
Torque vectoring improves both safety and driving enjoyment. In slippery conditions, it optimizes traction by directing power to wheels with the most grip. In spirited driving, it sharpens turn-in response and allows higher cornering speeds.
For EV buyers interested in driving dynamics, torque vectoring capability — particularly with dual motors or quad motors — is a significant differentiator.
Common Values
- Response time: 1–10 milliseconds (electric) vs 100+ ms (mechanical)
- Types: brake-based (basic), axle-level (dual motor), wheel-level (quad motor)
- Notable implementations: Rivian quad-motor, Porsche Taycan, BMW iX M60, Lotus Eletre