Human–Machine Interface (HMI)
A human–machine interface (HMI) is the complete set of ways a person receives information from and gives commands to a vehicle. It includes displays, warning sounds, voice interaction, buttons, stalks, touch controls, haptic feedback, and the logic that coordinates them.
More than a screen
The HMI decides what information appears, where and when it appears, which control changes a function, and how the system confirms an action. It spans the instrument cluster, head-up display, center screen, steering-wheel controls, climate controls, driver-assistance indications, and accessibility features.
Good interface design
A good HMI makes vehicle state, automation mode, warnings, and available actions understandable. It uses consistent terminology, clear priorities, timely feedback, and controls that match the driving context. Some tasks should be simplified or unavailable while moving.
Poor design can increase visual, manual, or cognitive distraction. NHTSA's in-vehicle interface guidance addresses matters such as display placement, text, task lockouts, interruptibility, response time, and system status. NHTSA: Visual-manual driver distraction guidelines
Learn more
See Vehicle user interfaces for displays, physical controls, information design, voice control, and interaction trade-offs.