Camber
Camber is the angle between the wheel plane and vertical when viewed from the front or rear of the vehicle.
Positive and negative camber
Negative camber places the top of the wheel inward relative to the bottom; positive camber places it outward. The sign convention and coordinate system must be stated when using measured data.
Static camber is only one operating point. Suspension travel, body roll, steering, compliance, load, and tire forces can change camber while driving. Engineers tune those changes to manage tire contact and forces, but more negative camber is not automatically better because braking, straight-line wear, rolling resistance, and the tire’s construction also matter.
Camber differs from toe, which describes the wheels’ direction in plan view, and from steering-axis inclination, which describes a suspension axis rather than the wheel plane.
For camber change through wheel travel and steering, see Suspension Kinematics and Vehicle Dynamics.